Causes of Asphalt Damage and Repair Information

 

Asphalt surfaces, like parking lots and driveways, are essential for many properties, but they are also susceptible to deterioration over time. This deterioration not only detracts from your property's appearance but can also pose safety hazards to drivers and pedestrians. Regular maintenance, including repairs and preventative measures, is crucial to extend the life of your asphalt pavement and avoid costly replacements. 

 

Common causes of asphalt deterioration

Several factors contribute to the breakdown of asphalt over time:

• Traffic: Constant weight and friction from vehicles, especially heavy ones, can wear down the surface, leading to cracks.

• Water damage: Water seeping into cracks and the underlying layers can weaken the asphalt's foundation, causing cracks and potholes to form. Poor drainage and prolonged exposure to standing water accelerate this issue.

• Freeze-thaw cycles: In areas with varying temperatures, the expansion and contraction of the pavement as water freezes and thaws within cracks can cause them to expand, leading to further damage and potholes.

• Sunlight (UV rays) and Oxidation: Exposure to sunlight can dry out the binding agent in the asphalt, making it brittle and more prone to cracking and crumbling. This process is known as oxidation, and it can be identified by the asphalt turning gray.

• Vehicle fluids: Leaking oil, gasoline, and other chemicals can soften and break down the asphalt, leading to localized damage.

• Poor construction: Inadequate layering, improper compaction, or the use of low-quality materials during the initial installation can lead to premature deterioration. 

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Asphalt repair methods

Addressing these issues promptly with the right repair methods is crucial to maintaining your asphalt surfaces:

1. Crack filling and sealing

• Crack Filling: This involves placing a filler material (hot or cold pour) into cracks to prevent water and debris from entering. Cracks up to 1 inch wide can be filled this way.

• Crack Sealing: For larger cracks and "alligator cracking" (a pattern of interconnected cracks), hot sealant is applied to seal off the damaged area and prevent further deterioration. Repairing cracks in a timely manner can prevent more significant and costly damage. 

2. Pothole repair

• Basic Pothole Patching: This typically involves cleaning out the pothole, applying a tack coat (adhesive), filling it with an asphalt mix (hot or cold patch), and compacting the area. Cold patching materials are efficient for industrial and commercial locations and allow for swift return to serviceability.

• Full-Depth Patching: For deeper or more extensive potholes, this method involves excavating the damaged area, applying a tack coat, filling with hot or cold asphalt mix, and compacting.

• Spray Injection Method: A specialized truck-mounted system blows out debris and water, then injects aggregate and emulsion into the pothole at high pressure, eliminating the need for compaction. 

3. Sealcoating

• What it is: A thin liquid layer applied over the paved surface to protect it from damage caused by UV rays, water, oil, and chemicals. It also enhances the pavement's appearance.

• Benefits:

  • Protection: Reduces the effects of oxidation from sunlight, repels water penetration, and resists damage from oil and chemical spills.

  • Extends Lifespan: By preventing these damaging elements, sealcoating significantly prolongs the life of the asphalt.

  • Cost Savings: Regular sealcoating minimizes the need for more expensive repairs down the road.

  • Improved Appearance: Restores the dark black color of new asphalt, enhancing the property's curb appeal and property value.

  • Enhanced Safety: A smooth, sealed surface is easier to clean and provides better traction, reducing the risk of accidents.

• Application: Typically done using a spray or squeegee method. It is recommended to apply sealcoating during warmer months when temperatures are above 55 degrees Fahrenheit. 

4. Parking lot striping

• Purpose: Clear, well-maintained lines and markings are essential for organization, traffic flow, and safety in parking lots.

• Process:

  • Surface Preparation: The parking lot must be clean and free of debris, oil stains, and cracks to ensure proper paint adhesion. This may involve power washing, sweeping, and repairing any existing damage.

  • Layout and Marking: Chalk lines, stencils, or laser-guided tools are used to precisely mark parking stalls, fire lanes, accessible spaces, and directional arrows.

  • Paint Application: High-quality traffic paint or durable coatings are applied using striping machines.

  • Curing: The paint needs time to dry, which can be several hours depending on the type of paint and weather conditions.

• Importance: Faded or unclear markings can lead to confusion, accidents, and even legal liabilities. Regular restriping (typically every 1-3 years depending on traffic and wear) is recommended to maintain a safe and well-organized parking area. 

By implementing a regular asphalt maintenance program that includes crack filling, pothole repair, sealcoating, and parking lot striping (if applicable), you can protect your investment, enhance your property's appearance & value; and ensure a safer environment for everyone who uses your asphalt surfaces.